Pillars of Eternity talents

Talents are the Pillars of Eternity equivalent of other games' feats or perks. They are special features that either give a character a new capability, or improve one that he or she already has. Unlike Abilities some talents are class-neutral allowing to diversify your character role, they are gained at the same rate (every even level), but can also be gained from quests or through interaction with NPCs.

Description
Talents fall into two categories: class-specific and class-neutral. Class-specific talents are only available to members of certain classes. For example, Alteration School Specialization is only available to wizards because it specifically augments wizard spells, not cipher powers or priest powers. You can take class neutral talents as long as you meet the prerequisites. Prerequisites are designed to be "or"s and many of them will have an option that opens at higher levels. E.g., to take this talent you need to be an Elf or Aedyran or 9th level. Weapon Specialization will likely be available to fighters at low levels, but will also become available to members of other classes at higher levels.

Some talents affect groups of weapons; these groups contain at least one weapon for each of the three physical damage types. There are combat style talents that improves fighting with weapon and shield, two-handed weapons, a single one-handed weapon, ranged weapons or two weapons.

Class-specific talents
Each class has its distinct range of specific talents. Refer to their own articles for details:

Cross-class talents
With Pillars of Eternity: The White March - Part I, one typical class-specific talent of each class became available to all other classes, with some minor changes to the talent's effects.

Unobtainable talents
These talents exist in the game files, but cannot be obtained without the use of the console.

Talents learned as a reward
The following talents can be earned through quests and other interactions, rather than being selected while leveling up. Note that all of these only apply to The Watcher.

Watcher talents
These talents can be learned while completing the main quest.

General reward talents
These talents can be earned as a reward during various quests. They all stack with each other, although you cannot obtain both Wild Running and Dungeon Delving.

Faction Talents
One faction-specific talent may be earned in Act 2 by siding with the appropriate group. Accepting any of the quests that grants one of these talents makes the other two inaccessible. It is also possible not to get any of these talents by accepting one of these quests and failing it (by killing the quest giver, for example).

Deific Boons
The Watcher may have a single blessing from a god at any time. One of four may be selected at the end of Council of Stars, and the other two can be received in Sun in Shadow.

Effigy's Resentment
In the Dyrford Ruins, there is an object called the Blood Pool. When you approach, the Watcher will enter a dialogue with it. At this point, if you have at least 1 cruel Disposition, you may choose to sacrifice a single companion, which gives the talent Effigy's Resentment. Which companion you sacrifice determines what benefit you receive. Tavern-generated NPCs may not be sacrificed.